Efficiency of entomopathogenic nematodes (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae and Steinernematidae) on the codling moth (Cydia pomonella L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) under controlled conditions

Abstract Background The codling moth (CM), Cydia pomonella (L). (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), is an important pest of apple in Turkey and other producing countries the world. Several control methods are available for reducing populations. Entomopathogenic nematode (EPNs), example, can be used as a potential alternative to chemical insecticides larvae soil eco-friendly management their hosts that actively find them cryptic locations. Results Efficacy 4 EPN isolates, Steinernema carpocapsae (Bak??l?), S. feltiae (ES-3), Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (TOK-20) H. (11-KG) controlling 1st instar ( L.) was investigated under controlled laboratory conditions. Codling susceptible different rates all isolates. All trials were more effective than (water). overall mortality caused by (Bak??l? 05) significantly higher species. most with highest tested concentration (100 IJs/larva), killing 82.63% larvae, followed feltilae rate 71.5%. exhibited least at 25 IJs/larva experiments. Conclusion study proved these nematodes very efficient could biological programs.